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}
				
当前位置: 首页 > 售后 > 艺源智库
专业干货!向国外设计师学习UX Design 之用户体验与可用性
时间:2019-06-01 09:53:02
文章发布:李阳
原创作者:未知
来源:互联网

近期通过在线教育网站 udemy.com 学习的用户体验课程是《UX Design:The Ultimate Guide To Usability and UX》,接下来几篇文章会陆续分享我的学习笔记、课程要点,欢迎大家一起学习。


一、用户体验及其商业价值

用户体验,是指用户在使用产品、系统、服务的过程中,产生的一种纯主观的感受。从互联网普及到移动互联网发展到如今这样成熟的阶段,越来越被更多的企业、消费者开始看中“用户体验”。

那么,对于企业来说,用户体验的商业价值是什么呢?

1、增加收益

产品、系统的可用性的提升,可以让用户找到他们需要的产品,放入购物车并完成购买;可以解决销售障碍,比如运输、退货、维修等问题。

你的设计让产品/网站更好用,即使需要帮助用户也可以通过网站自行完成,所以可以节省很多的帮助或支持服务的资源。

当你的设计让用户的生活更容易、满意、喜欢时,他们可能会愿意支付额外的费用。

以上这些均可以实现收益的提升。

2、减少开支

将时间花在开发用户需要的功能上,而不是做一堆对用户无用的功能;在产品开发之前,比如原型设计阶段就尽早的发现和优化一些可用性的问题;减少因没有正确理解需求而导致失败的风险;好用的设计无需文档,大程度的减少或消除文档同样能减少开支。


二、评估可用性的4个维度

功能性 functionality:产品是否有用。比如开瓶器,是否能打开一个瓶子。

易学习 learnablity:产品是否能直接使用,还是说需要读说明书才会使用。

灵活性 flexiblity:产品除了能让完成主要的任务之外,是否还能做点别的事情。比如开瓶器,是否既能左手使用、也能右手操作,是否既能开玻璃瓶、又能开易拉罐。

工业设计industry design:可以理解为外观设计是否足够漂亮。以开瓶器为例,在朋友聚会的时候,是否能自豪的拿出来放在桌面上,还是只能藏在厨房的某个角落与各种乱七八糟的东西混在一起。对于互联网产品来说,这一点可以理解为视觉设计、图形设计。

专业干货!向国外设计师学习UX Design 之用户体验与可用性-艺源科技


三、影响可用性的三个要素

继续以开瓶器为例:为了判断4种开瓶器中哪个易用、哪个难用,寻找4种不同类型的用户做调研。

结果是,不同用户选择的好用、难用的开瓶器各不相同,即使是同一种开瓶器也存在两种极端的选择,有人觉得它好用、有人觉得它难用,所谓加之蜜糖乙之砒霜。

为什么会出现这样的现象呢?因为决定产品可用性有三大要素:用户、环境、任务/使用目标。

回到开瓶器的例子,年龄大的老人,希望开瓶器省力、用着不疼;有小孩的家庭来说,希望开瓶器足够安全、不至于误伤小朋友;有的家庭用开瓶器来打开香槟、有的可能是打开罐头。不同的用户,使用环境不同,他们考量的标准也有所差异、希望通过产品完成的任务也有所不同。

专业干货!向国外设计师学习UX Design 之用户体验与可用性-艺源科技


四、可用性的六个原则

1、设计是建立在对用户、任务、环境的清晰的理解基础上的

任务是指用户想通过产品做什么。如何才能理解用户、任务、环境这三点呢?建议直接在用户的使用情景中观察他们的行为,离开办公室、拜访用户、观察他们如何做“你设计的产品涉及到”的那些事情。

2、用户需全程参与到设计和开发中来

方式有:到现场调研、了解用户的需求;向用户展示早起的设计概念稿;可用性测试原型。

3、通过以用户为中心的评价,设计是不断被带动和完善的

即使是到了开发阶段,目标用户也应该实际使用demo或原型来完成真实的任务,我们要去观察、记录、分析他们的表现和反馈。

4、设计过程是不断迭代循环的

比如:设计-测试-思考解决方案-重新设计,直到满足了用户需求、可用性评估达标。

5、设计要考虑所有影响用户体验的因素

用户体验不仅仅是让一个系统好用,它涉及到用户因使用产品、系统、服务所带来的感知和反应。

6、设计团队,需要包含了多学科的技能和视角

比如:用户研究员、交互设计师、内容设计师、前端开发工程师


五、可用性与用户体验的国际标准ISO9241

1、规划以用户为中心的设计过程

2、理解、明确使用情景

3、明确用户需求

4、产品设计的解决方案来满足用户需求(可设计多种解决方案,再评估哪种合适)

5、评估设计是否满足用户需求(如果评估不合适,可能会回到第2、3、4步重新进行)

6、设计解决方案来满足用户需求

专业干货!向国外设计师学习UX Design 之用户体验与可用性-艺源科技

这篇以理论为主,先分享这么多,敬请期待下一篇——情境调研 contextual inquiry 。

小程序开发
标签: 可用性 用户体验 用户体验设计 经验分享 网站可用性指南
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